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Thanks to Bespoke Post for sponsoring this video. New subscribers can get 20% off their first box with the promo code ARMCHAIR20 at checkout https://bspk.me/historian OSP: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JZhZ9Fb5wCA The Armchair Historian Website: https://thearmchairhistorian.com/ Discord: https://discord.gg/S3FW8gV Ironside Computers - Click here to customize your own PC: https://ironsidecomputers.com/ USE DISCOUNT CODE "History" FOR 5% OFF! Sources: Fall, Bernard B. Hell in a Very Small Place: The Siege of Dien Bien Phu. Da Capo Press, 1966. Letters home from Italian volunteer in the French Foreign Legion Karnow, Stanley. "The Light at the Start of the Tunnel." The Washington Post. Last modified May 8, 1994. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/1994/05/08/the-light-at-the-start-of-the-tunnel/4df612f0-5028-4c9c-b7d8-dd630bde9aad/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.b85d1f38195c. BBC Radio documentary https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p02rsxrv French history review (government website) https://www.cheminsdememoire.gouv.fr/fr/la-bataille-de-dien-bien-phu Who was Colonel Piroth: http://foreignlegion.info/battle-of-dien-bien-phu/ Who were the Viet Minh: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Viet-Minh Music: All This - Scoring Action by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1300001 Artist: http://incompetech.com/ Soviet March by Shane Ivers licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Piano Trio in E Flat by Franz Shubert Victoria II Soundtrack Intro & Conclusion Music by Zach Heyde SFX by SoundRav https://soundrav.com/ - Game Audio - Sound Design - Post Production

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Play Call of War for FREE on PC, iOS or Android: 💥https://callofwar.onelink.me/q5L6/x8chqdun Receive a Unique Starter Pack, available only for the next 30 days! Armchair Historian Video Game: https://store.steampowered.com/app/1679290/Fire__Maneuver/ Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/armchairhistorian Sign up for Armchair History TV today! https://armchairhistory.tv/ Promo code: ARMCHAIRHISTORY for 50% OFF Merchandise available at https://store.armchairhistory.tv/ Check out the new Armchair History TV Mobile App too! https://apps.apple.com/us/app/armchair-history-tv/id1514643375 https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=tv.uscreen.armchairhistorytv Discord: https://discord.gg/thearmchairhistorian Twitter: https://twitter.com/ArmchairHist Sources: Basu, Zachary, “U.S. to consider Russia s NATO proposal, but calls some demands "unacceptable",” Axios, 17 December 2021. https://www.axios.com/2021/12/17/russia-nato-ukraine-invasion Bideleux, Robert and Ian Jeffries. A History of Eastern Europe: Crisis and Change, Edition 2. London: Routledge, 2020. Black, J. L. “Russia and NATO Expansion Eastward: Red-Lining the Baltic States.” International Journal 54, no. 2 (1999): 249–66. https://doi.org/10.2307/40203375. Department of the United States Army. “​​Press Release - DEFENDER-Europe 21 activities begin this month, include two dozen nations”, 15 March 2021. https://www.europeafrica.army.mil/ArticleViewPressRelease/Article/2537359/press-release-defender-europe-21-activities-begin-this-month-include-two-dozen/ Franekova, Anna. “Uneasy Expansion: NATO and Russia.” Harvard International Review 24, no. 3 (2002): 10–11. http://www.jstor.org/stable/42762829. Iulian, Raluca Iulia. “A Quarter Century of NATO-Russia Relations”. CBU International Conference on Innovations in Science and Education. Prague, 2017. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v5.998. Kumar, Rama Sampath. “From Kosovo to Georgia: The US, NATO and Russia.” Economic and Political Weekly 43, no. 36 (2008): 24–27. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40277922. Marten, Kimberly. “The Growth of NATO-Russia Tensions.” Reducing Tensions Between Russia and NATO. Council on Foreign Relations, 2017. http://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep05770.9. NATO’s Return to Europe: Engaging Ukraine, Russia, and Beyond. Ed. Rebecca R. Moore and Damon Coletta. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 2017. ​​Russell, Alison Lawlor. “The Georgia-Russia War.” In Cyber Blockades, 96–127. Georgetown University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt9qdsfj.10. Thompson, John M. and Christopher J. Ward. Russia: A Historical Introduction from Kievan Rus to the Present, Edition 8. London: Routledge, 2018. Trachtenburg, Marc. "The United States and the NATO Non-extension Assurances of 1990: New Light on an Old Problem?" UCLA, Nov. 25, 2020. United Nations’ Treaty Series, “Text of the Budapest Memorandum regarding Ukraine”, Volume 3007, I-52241, registered 2 October 2014. https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%203007/Part/volume-3007-I-52241.pdf U.S. Department of State, FOIA 199504567 (National Security Archive Flashpoints Collection, Box 38. “Memorandum of Conversation between James Baker and Eduard Shevardnadze in Moscow”. https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/document/16115-document-04-memorandum-conversation-between U.S. Department of State, FOIA 199504567 (National Security Archive Flashpoints Collection, Box 38). “Memorandum of Conversation between Mikhail Gorbachev and James Baker in Moscow.” https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/document/16116-document-05-memorandum-conversation-between Music: Armchair Historian Theme - Zach Heyde Metamorpheus - Hampus Naeselius New World - Hampus Naeselius Rise From the Shadows - Hampus Naeselius Lost Crusaders - Hampus Naeselius Frozen Thunder - Hampus Naeselius Top Patrons: Jonathan Woody Nep Nep MatsMan Hilgy Avery Mullins Kure John R. Merlino Jr. CPTTanker Joe Christoph Wißmann Alden Simmons The Demon Lord

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Play Call of War for FREE on PC, iOS or Android: 💥https://callofwar.onelink.me/q5L6/1ikbmflc Receive a Unique Starter Pack, available only for the next 30 days! Armchair Historian Video Game: https://store.steampowered.com/app/1679290/Fire__Maneuver/ Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/armchairhistorian Sign up for Armchair History TV today! https://armchairhistory.tv/ Promo code: ARMCHAIRHISTORY for 50% OFF Merchandise available at https://store.armchairhistory.tv/ Check out the new Armchair History TV Mobile App too! https://apps.apple.com/us/app/armchair-history-tv/id1514643375 https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=tv.uscreen.armchairhistorytv Discord: https://discord.gg/thearmchairhistorian Twitter: https://twitter.com/ArmchairHist Sources: Dunning, Brian (January 17, 2012). "Skeptoid #293: Wunderwaffen: Nazi Wonder Weapons". Skeptoid. Neufeld, Michael (13 April 2020). "The Myth of the German "Wonder-Weapons"". Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. "The German Space Mirror". Life Magazine: 78. July 23, 1945. Tooze, Adam (2007). The Wages of Destruction: The Making and Breaking of the Nazi Economy. London: Penguin. Music: Armchair Historian Theme - Zach Heyde As History Unfolds - Christoffer Moe Ditlevsen Where Are The Stars - Silver Maple And We Will Rule - Bonnie Grace The Abode of Snow - Bonnie Grace Top Patrons: Jonathan Woody Nep Nep MatsMan Hilgy Avery Mullins Kure John R. Merlino Jr. CPTTanker Joe Christoph Wißmann Alden Simmons The Demon Lord

Special thanks to War and Peace: Civil War for sponsoring this video. Start your career with the Union Army or Confederate forces and support our channel by downloading the game today for FREE! https://warandpeace.onelink.me/g1tb/si2sht32 Armchair Historian Video Game: https://store.steampowered.com/app/1679290/Fire__Maneuver/ Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/armchairhistorian Sign up for Armchair History TV today! https://armchairhistory.tv/ Promo code: ARMCHAIRHISTORY for 50% OFF Merchandise available at https://store.armchairhistory.tv/ Check out the new Armchair History TV Mobile App too! https://apps.apple.com/us/app/armchair-history-tv/id1514643375 https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=tv.uscreen.armchairhistorytv Discord: https://discord.gg/thearmchairhistorian Twitter: https://twitter.com/ArmchairHist Sources: Chandler, David. The Campaigns of Napoleon. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1995. “Concerning Fire-Arms.” Harper s Weekly, A Journal of Civilization . August 3, 1861. Gates, David. Warfare in the Nineteenth Century. Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2001. Jones, Archer. The Art of War in the Western World. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2001. Washington, George, Dorothy Twohig, Philander D. Chase, and William Wright Abbot. The Papers of George Washington. Charlottesville (Va.): University press of Virginia, 1999. Music: Armchair Historian Theme - Zach Heyde Victoria 2 Soundtrack - The Royal March Flying Serpent - Dream Cave When Johnny Comes Marching Home - Traditional The Final Mile - Anthony Earls Reunion - Wendel Scherer Blind Faith - Phoenix Tail Battle Hymn of the Republic - Traditional Top Patrons: Jonathan Woody Nep Nep MatsMan Hilgy Avery Mullins Kure John R. Merlino Jr. CPTTanker Joe Christoph Wißmann Alden Simmons The Demon Lord

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