Five Crazy Bridges for Animals

Watch Frankenstein MD on PBS Digital! http://pbly.co/FMDep1 Please support MinuteEarth on Patreon: https://goo.gl/ZVgLQZ And subscribe! - http://www.youtube.com/user/minuteearth?sub_confirmation=1 ________________________ Created by Henry Reich Production and Writing Team: Alex Reich, Peter Reich, Emily Elert, Ever Salazar, Kate Yoshida, and Henry Reich Music by Nathaniel Schroeder: http://www.soundcloud.com/drschroeder ________________________ Free iTunes podcasts of MinuteEarth! - https://goo.gl/sfwS6n Facebook - http://facebook.com/minuteearth Twitter - http://twitter.com/MinuteEarth MinuteEarth provides an energetic and entertaining view of trends in earth s environment -- in just a few minutes! ________________________ References Andrews, A. (1990) Fragmentation of Habitat by Roads and Utility Corridors: A Review. Australian Zoologist 26(3): 130-141. http://www.shanespark.com/documents/Andrews%20(1990)%20Fragmentation%20of%20Habitat%20by%20Roads%20and%20Utility%20Corridors%20A%20Review.pdf Brink, J. (2013) The Barnett site: A stone drive lane communal pronghorn trap on the Alberta Plains, Canada. Quaternary international 29:24–35. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618213000414 Dyer, S.J., O Neil J.P., Wasel, S.M., and Boutin, S. (2002) Quantifying barrier effects of roads and seismic lines on movement of female woodland caribou in Northeastern Alberta. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 80: 839-845. http://www.legassembly.gov.yk.ca/pdf/rbhf_reid_Dyer_et_al_2002_CJZ.pdf Forman, R.T. and Alexander, L.E. (1998) Roads and their major ecological effects. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 29: 207-231. http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.29.1.207 James, A.R.C. and Stuart-Smith, A.K. (2000) Distribution of caribou and wolves in relation to linear corridors. The Journal of Wildlife Management 64: 154-159. http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/3802985?uid=3739824&uid=2&uid=4&uid=3739256&sid=21104244679461 O Shea, J.M., Lemke, A.K., Sonnenburg, E.P., Reynolds, R.G., and Abbott, B.D. (2014) A 9,000-year-old caribou hunting structure beneath Lake Huron. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111(19): 6911-6915. http://www.pnas.org/content/111/19/6911 Pruett, C.L., Patten, M.A., and Wolfe, D.H. (2009) Avoidance behavior by prairie grouse: Implications for wind energy development. Conservation Biology 23:1253–1259. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19500121 Tyler, N., Stokkan, K.A., Hogg, C., Nellemann, C., Vistnes, A.I., Jeffery, G. (2014) Ultraviolet vision and avoidance of power lines in birds and mammals. Conservation Biology 28(3): 630-631. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cobi.12262/full ________________________ Image Credits Traffic - Wikimedia user Minesweeper http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:I-80_Eastshore_Fwy.jpg High Tension Power Lines - Andy Beecroft http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Power_in_Abundance_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2163139.jpg Lesser Prairie Chicken - Greg Kramos / USFWS http://flickr.com/photos/51986662@N05/7482442008 Greater sage-grouse - USFWS Pacific Southwest Region http://www.flickr.com/photos/usfws_pacificsw/5162182815/ Fawn Footed Mosaic Tailed Rat - Greg Schechter http://flickr.com/photos/17004938@N00/3624271309 Sitka Black Tailed Deer http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sitka_black_tailed_deer.jpg Reindeer - Alexandre Buisse http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20070818-0001-strolling_reindeer.jpg Pronghorn - Yathin Krishnappa http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Antilocapra_americana_male_(Wyoming,_2012).jpg Cow http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cow-IMG_2050.JPG Pipeline http://pixabay.com/es/alaska-oleoducto-de-alaska-aceite-67304/ Dry Grass Field http://pixabay.com/es/hierba-viento-naturaleza-207873/ Soccer Field - O Jay Barbee http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:TTU_Women%27s_Soccer_Field.jpg Footbridge - William Murphy https://www.flickr.com/photos/infomatique/2735895479/ Wildlife Crossing - Adam Ford http://liberero.ca/meet-the-fellows/ http://www.highwaywilding.org/ Rope Bridge - Rodney van der Ree / ARCUE http://arcue.botany.unimelb.edu.au/ Crab Overpass - Parks Australia http://blog.parksaustralia.gov.au/2013/11/22/split-migration-for-christmas-island-red-crabs/ White tailed deer http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:White-tailed_deer.jpg Angola Colobus - Ryan E. Poplin http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Angola_Colobus_Watching.jpg Elephant Underpass - Jason Straziuso / AP Salmon Cannon - Whooshh Innovations http://www.fastcoexist.com/3034549/ka-pow-watch-these-fish-cannons-shoot-salmon-safely-over-dams Grassland - Wikimedia user Scottthezombie http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:AntelopeValleyCAgrassland.JPG