Where Will The Next Pandemic Come From?

Order your copy of “How To Prevent The Next Pandemic” here: https://www.amazon.com/Prevent-Next-Pandemic-Bill-Gates/dp/0593534484 The most likely cause of the next pandemic will be the “spillover” of a disease from one of a select group of animals with particular immune system traits and interactions with humans. LEARN MORE ************** To learn more about this topic, start your googling with these keywords: - Zoonosis: A disease that can be transmitted to humans by animals - Hyper reservoirs: Animals that naturally are home to multiple infectious agents. - Spillover: Transmission of a zoonosis from an animal reservoir to a human. - Life history strategy: An evolutionary strategy that involves tradeoffs among growth, survival, and reproduction. SUPPORT MINUTEEARTH ************************** If you like what we do, you can help us!: - Become our patron: https://patreon.com/MinuteEarth - Share this video with your friends and family - Leave us a comment (we read them!) CREDITS ********* David Goldenberg | Script Writer, Narrator and Director Alexander Vidal | Illustration Sarah Berman | Video Editing and Animation Aldo de Vos | Music MinuteEarth is produced by Neptune Studios LLC https://neptunestudios.info OUR STAFF ************ Lizah van der Aart • Sarah Berman • Arcadi Garcia i Rius David Goldenberg • Melissa Hayes • Alex Reich Henry Reich • Peter Reich • Ever Salazar Leonardo Souza • Kate Yoshida OUR LINKS ************ Youtube | https://youtube.com/MinuteEarth TikTok | https://tiktok.com/@minuteearth Twitter | https://twitter.com/MinuteEarth Instagram | https://instagram.com/minute_earth Facebook | https://facebook.com/Minuteearth Website | https://minuteearth.com Apple Podcasts| https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/minuteearth/id649211176 REFERENCES ************** Keesing, F., and Ostefld, R. (2021). Impacts of biodiversity and biodiversity loss on zoonotic diseases. PNAS, 118 (17) e2023540118. Retrieved from: https://www.pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.2023540118 Han, B., Schmidt, J.P., Bowden, S., and Drake, J. (2015). Rodent reservoirs of future zoonotic diseases. PNAS, 112 (22) 7039-7044. Retrieved from: https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1501598112 Balderrama-Gutierrez G, Milovic A, Cook VJ, Islam MN, Zhang Y, Kiaris H, Belisle JT, Mortazavi A, Barbour AG. (2021). An Infection-Tolerant Mammalian Reservoir for Several Zoonotic Agents Broadly Counters the Inflammatory Effects of Endotoxin. mBio.;12(2):e00588-21. Retrieved from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33849979/ Olival, K., Hosseini, P., Zambrana-Torrelio, C. et al. (2017). Host and viral traits predict zoonotic spillover from mammals. Nature 546, 646–650. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature22975 Martin, L. B., 2nd, Weil, Z. M., & Nelson, R. J. (2007). Immune defense and reproductive pace of life in Peromyscus mice. Ecology, 88(10), 2516–2528. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1890/07-0060.1 Johnson Christine K., Hitchens Peta L., Pandit Pranav S., Rushmore Julie, Evans Tierra Smiley, Young Cristin C. W. and Doyle Megan M. (2020). Global shifts in mammalian population trends reveal key predictors of virus spillover risk. Proc. R. Soc. B .2872019273620192736. Retrieved from: https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2019.2736 Allen, T., Murray, K.A., Zambrana-Torrelio, C. et al. (2017). Global hotspots and correlates of emerging zoonotic diseases. Nat Commun 8, 1124. Retrieved from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-017-00923-8 Han, Barbara. (2022). Personal communication. Disease Ecologist, Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies. http://www.hanlab.science/