How Cosmic Rays and Balloons Started Particle Physics
Today, cosmic rays are used to understand things like supernovas, but in the early 1900s, they helped us discover brand-new subatomic particles long before the first accelerators. SciShow has a spinoff podcast! It s called SciShow Tangents. Check it out at http://www.scishowtangents.org ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Huge thanks go to the following Patreon supporters for helping us keep SciShow free for everyone forever: Adam Brainard, Greg, Alex Hackman, Sam Lutfi, D.A. Noe, الخليفي سلطان, Piya Shedden, KatieMarie Magnone, Scott Satovsky Jr, Charles Southerland, Patrick D. Ashmore, charles george, Kevin Bealer, Chris Peters ---------- Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/scishow ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: http://www.ps.uci.edu/~yodh/cosmicraylecture/cosmicraysbriefhistory.pdf [PDF] http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1937JRASC..31..381B https://arxiv.org/abs/1808.02927 https://arxiv.org/abs/1002.1810 https://physicsworld.com/a/the-riddle-of-ultrahigh-energy-cosmic-rays/ https://www.forbes.com/sites/startswithabang/2016/10/06/scientists-catch-the-highest-energy-particles-by-making-them-go-faster-than-light/ http://lss.fnal.gov/archive/other/print-93-0553.pdf [PDF] https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05254-2 https://spacetimecentre.org/vpetkov/courses/reid.html https://www.nature.com/physics/looking-back/rochester/index.html http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/glossary/cosmic_rays.html https://www.physics.purdue.edu/images/outreach/quarknet/CosmicRays_2012.pdf [PDF] http://auger.org/education/Auger_Education/origincosmicrays.html http://www.ung.si/public/pao/history.php https://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/200408/history.cfm http://hep.uchicago.edu/cdf/frisch/p363/mmiller_positron.pdf [PDF] http://hep.uchicago.edu/cdf/frisch/p363/keisler_cloud_chamber_23Apr2008.pdf [PDF] https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF02068933 https://timeline.web.cern.ch/source-earth-atmosphere-or-outer-space https://cerncourier.com/domenico-pacini-and-the-origin-of-cosmic-rays/ https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/einstein/lrk-hand-emc2expl.html http://www.ep.ph.bham.ac.uk/DiscoveringParticles/detection/cosmic-rays/ http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Particles/kaon.html https://www.space.com/16832-cosmic-rays-discovery-100-years.html https://home.cern/science/physics/cosmic-rays-particles-outer-space ------- Images: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3APacini_measurement.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hessballon.jpg https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/panorama-colorful-balloons-floating-in-the-sky-in-the-mountain-landscape-in-the-gm1096489270-294418231 https://images.nasa.gov/details-GSFC_20171208_Archive_e002182.html https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Physicist_Studying_Alpha_Rays_GPN-2000-000381.jpg https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20186 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11209 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wilson_Cloud_Chamber_at_AEC%27s_Brookhaven_National_Laboratory.jpg https://youtu.be/E9335CW2V5M https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PositronDiscovery.jpg https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/pet-scan-of-the-brain-gm178066707-24722805 https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/abstract-background-of-colored-radial-lines-effects-of-acceleration-speed-motion-gm1068535618-285824755 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:First_neutrino_observation.jpg http://cds.cern.ch/record/39474 https://www.flickr.com/photos/departmentofenergy/13472280055/
